How to read a seed packet.

Labeling requirements vary by state, seller, and packet size, so not every packet will show every item below. When something is missing, it’s reasonable to ask the seller.

Kind and variety

The crop (tomato) and the specific variety name. Two varieties of the same crop can behave very differently.

Lot code

Identifies the batch the seed came from. Useful if you need to report a problem.

Germination and test date

The percentage of seeds that sprouted in a lab test and when it was tested. Fresh seed usually germinates better.

“Packed for” year

The season the seed was packed to be sold. Many seeds store well for several years in cool, dry conditions, but germination declines over time.

Hybrid or open-pollinated

Open-pollinated seed generally grows true to type if saved. Seed from an F1 hybrid usually doesn’t.

Treated seed

Some seed is coated with a fungicide or other treatment. It should be clearly marked, and often dyed.

Origin

Where the seed was grown. Not always shown, but worth asking about.

Days to maturity

An estimate, not a promise. Weather and site matter. Note whether it counts from sowing or transplanting.